Masoumeh Sadeghi; Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani; Nizal Sarrafzadegan; Mohammad Talaei; Minoo Dianatkhah; Mehrbod Vakhshoori; Hamidreza Roohafza
Volume 21, Issue 6 , 2019, Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background: Trends of major cardiovascular risk factors are less investigated in Middle-Eastern countries.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the trend of major cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian individuals.Methods: This Longitudinal population-based study was performed by multistage random ...
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Background: Trends of major cardiovascular risk factors are less investigated in Middle-Eastern countries.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the trend of major cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian individuals.Methods: This Longitudinal population-based study was performed by multistage random sampling on 6504 participants aged at least 35 years for 12 years initiating in 2001 until 2013 in three phases. Cardiovascular risk factors including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and lipid indices were measured for each subject in 2001, 2007 and 2013 and were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance using Bonferroni correction.Results: Mean value of SBP, DBP, BMI and FBS increased significantly in both genders during follow-up (SBP: 119.3 ± 18.7 to 128.4 ± 17.5 mmHg, P value < 0.001, DBP: 76.7 ± 11.8 to 82.8 ± 12.5 mmHg, P value < 0.001, BMI: 27.4 ± 4.4 to 28 ± 4.6 kg/m2, P value < 0.001, FBS: 86.7 ± 29.6 to 106.5 ± 38 mg/dL, P value < 0.001). Lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low- density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and TG/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) showed favorable downward patterns in population (TC: 219.5 ± 51.3 to 200.1 ± 40.9 mg/dL, P value < 0.001, TG: 200.2 ± 110.3 to 155.1 ± 85 mg/dL, P value < 0.001, LDL-C: 132.6 ± 42.4 to 111.7 ± 27.8 mg/dL, P value < 0.001, TG/HDL-C: 4.5 ± 2.8 to 3.9 ± 2.8, P value < 0.001) with an exception of HDL-C showingless desirable results. In spite of controversial results in terms of WC and WHR changes relative to gender, total population changes of those variables were not significant.Conclusions: Although favorable patterns were observed in most lipid indices, other risk factors showed an inverse or insignificant trend. Several health-promoting strategies are required in order to improve lifestyle in a way that those raising cardiovascular risk factor trends would decline.
Maryam Eghbali-Babadi; Awat Feizi; Alireza Khosravi; Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Volume 20, Issue 5 , 2018, Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: Patients have a significant role in controlling and treating hypertension. Improving patients’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) is a crucial step in controlling hypertension. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of training based on the Expanded Chronic Care Model ...
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Background: Patients have a significant role in controlling and treating hypertension. Improving patients’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) is a crucial step in controlling hypertension. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of training based on the Expanded Chronic Care Model (ECCM) on KAP in patients with hypertension residing in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: The clinical trial was conducted on 190 hypertensive patients aged 36 to 80 in 2015 - 2016. Patients were randomly assigned to an intervention and a control group. The intervention plan based on ECCM was four 2-hour education sessions for the intervention group and a family member. Then, follow-ups were done by a phone call for six months. Meanwhile; there was no intervention in the control group. The data collection was done using KAP (a valid researcher-made questionnaire), before and after intervention in both groups. Results: In the intervention group, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean score of KAP before and six months after the ECCM training (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the control group. The two groups were notsignificantly different in terms of the Mean ± SD of KAP scores before the intervention. Six months after implementing the care model, however, the Mean ± SD of KAP scores were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to in the controls (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results, a training program based on the ECCM is effective in improving the knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients. The ECCM could therefore be used as a framework for designing educational interventions for patients with hypertension
